https://ds.univ-oran2.dz:8443/jspui/handle/123456789/1829 2026-07-27T09:51:49Z 2026-07-27T09:51:49Z MABROUKI, Abdelkrim https://ds.univ-oran2.dz:8443/jspui/handle/123456789/8935 2025-02-06T08:57:27Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: American Democracy versus Third Political Parties: Challenge, Constraints, and Potential Change Auteur(s): MABROUKI, Abdelkrim Résumé: This study discusses American Democracy in relation to third political parties. American Democracy is a two-party system allowing only two parties to win in elections. Despite the existence of several parties attempting to win the presidency for over a century and a half, the presidency had been always shared by either the Democratic Party or the Republican Party. Political scientists saw this phenomenon as surprising given the diversity of the American electorate, and its unconstitutional basis. The study investigates the nature of American democracy and reviews third parties of the previous two centuries within the context of the movements that brought them to explain how American democracy is opposing the rise of other parties. It also considers the lack of pluralism as the main challenge to contemporary American democracy and a sign of its decline. Therefore, the study is a combination of historiography, election results, and analysis to address the various aspects of this phenomenon. تناقش هذه الدراسة موضوع الديمقراطية الأمريكية وعلاقتها بكتلة الأحزاب السياسية الثالثة. الديمقراطية الأمريكية هي نظام ثنائي الحزب بمعنى انه يسمح لحزبين فقط بالفوز في الانتخابات. على الرغم من وجود العديد من الأحزاب التي حاولت الفوز بالرئاسة لأكثر من قرن ونصف ، فإن الرئاسة كانت دائ ًما مشتركة بين الحزب الديمقراطي أو الحزب الجمهوري. هذه الظاهرة مفاجأة لكثير من علماء السياسة بالنظر إلى تنوع الناخبين الأمريكيين والاساس الغير دستتوري لهذا النظام. تبحث الدراسة في طبيعة الديمقراطية الأمريكية وتستعرض كتلة ألاحزاب الثالثة في القرنين الماضيين في سياق الحركات التي ادت لظهورهم كما تشرح كيف تعارض الديمقراطية الأمريكية صعود كتلة الأحزاب الثالثة. ان الافتقار إلى التعددية الحزبية يعتبر التحدي الرئيسي للديمقراطية الأمريكية المعاصرة وعلامة على تراجعها. لذلك فإن الدراسة هي مزيج من التأريخ ونتائج الانتخابات والتحليل لمعالجة الجوانب المختلفة لهذه الظاهرة.Cette étude traite de la démocratie américaine par rapport aux partis politiques tiers. La démocratie américaine est un système bipartite permettant à seulement deux partis de remporter la présidence. Malgré l'existence de plusieurs partis tentant de remporter la présidence depuis plus d'un siècle et demi, la présidence a toujours été partagée soit par le Parti démocrate, soit par le Parti républicain. Les politologues ont vu ce phénomène comme surprenant compte tenu de la diversité de l'électorat américain et de sa base anticonstitutionnelle. L'étude examine la nature de la démocratie américaine et passe en revue les tiers partis des deux siècles précédents dans le contexte des mouvements qui les ont amenés à expliquer comment la démocratie américaine s'oppose à la montée des autres partis. Il considère également l'absence de pluralisme comme le principal défi de la démocratie américaine contemporaine et un signe de son déclin. Par conséquent, l'étude est une combinaison d'historiographie, de résultats électoraux et d'analyses pour aborder les différents aspects de ce phénomène.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z BENDOUKHA, Fatima https://ds.univ-oran2.dz:8443/jspui/handle/123456789/8618 2024-11-04T09:21:08Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Needs Analysis as Pre-requisite to Syllabus Design for ESP Instruc;on: A Compara;ve Study between Business English Learners at Graduate School of Economics of Oran and EOP Training at SONATRACH. Auteur(s): BENDOUKHA, Fatima Résumé: صخلم : هذھ ةساردلا ةیثحبلا موقت ةساردب رھاوظ ملعت تاغللا ةیبنجلأا ةقلعتملا سیردتب ةغللا ةیزیلجنلإا نم للاخ لیلحت تاجایتحا نیملعتملا میمصتل جمارب بتكو ةیسارد ةغلل ةیزیلجنلإا ضارغلأ ةددحم ( ESP (. ترج هذھ ةساردلا يف رش ةك كارتانوس ( عمجم 06 ( يفو ةسردملا ایلعلا داصتقلال ( ESE امھو ،) قطانم ةبصخ مادختسلا سیردتو ESP . تدمتعا ةیجھنملا ىلع ةقیرط ةطلتخم عمجل تانایبلا ةیمكلا ةیعونلاو . نمضتت ةساردلا ضعب بناوج ثیح ،نایبتسلاا ةلباقم ةنلعم عم يسردم ESP نایبتساو بلاطل BE و EOP عم ، معد ةظحلاملا يف فصلا يتلا ،يساردلا تمھاس ایبیرجت يف لوصحلا ىلع تانایب ُ تیرج أ تاذ ةیمھأ . رودت فادھأ ثحبلا لوح تاھجو رظن ریكفتو تامولعملا لوح سیردت ملعتو ESP . ةولاع ىلع تماق ،كلذ ةساردلا ءارجإب ةنراقم دیدحتل ھباشتلا فلاتخلااو يف سیردت ةیزیلجنلإا يف ةسردملا ایلعلا داصتقلال ناروب يفو تابیردت EOP يف ةكرش كارتانوس . رھظأ لیلحتلا يئاصحلإا نأ نیسحت تاراھملا ً ا ملحددات لامحتوى بناء ً ا حبسب لأاولوی ةبناء على ونع أوھداف لامتعلمین لارئیسیة ابستخدام نمھجی ةدتریس وموا دعتلمیی ةنماسب ةوفقً جیب نأ كیون مصنفً لعى حاتیاجات موستوى لامتعلمین .ابلإضافة لإى لذك، یجب لعى لامدرسین نأ حیصلو العى دتریب ھمني يف للاغات لامتخصصة توصمی مربامج ESP للعمل شبك لنماسب يف لاسیاق لامستھدفRésumé : CeVe étude de recherche étudie les phénomènes d’appren0ssage des langues étrangères (FLL) propres à l’enseignement de l’anglais en analysant les besoins des apprenants à concevoir des programmes et des manuels de cours d’anglais à des fins spécifiques (ESP). CeVe enquête a eu lieu à la SONATRACH (complexe 06) et à l’École Supérieure d’Économie (ESE). La méthodologie a adopté une méthode mixte pourrecueillir des données qualita0ves et quan0ta0ves. L’étude fait appel à certains aspects de l’enquête ; un entre0en administré aux enseignants de l’ESP et un ques0onnaire pour les apprenants de l’EB et de l’EOP, étayé par l’observa0on de la classe. De plus, la recherche a établi une comparaison pour iden0fier la ressemblance et la différencia0on dans l’enseignement de l’anglais existant dans l’École Supérieure d’Économie d’Oran et les Forma0ons EOP de la SONATRACH. L’analyse sta0s0que a montré que l’améliora0on des compétences devrait être classée par priorité en fonction du type et des principaux objectifs des apprenants en utilisant une méthodologie d’enseignement et des matériels pédagogiques appropriés conformément à la spécifica0on du contenu en fonc0on des besoins, du profil et du niveau des apprenants. En outre, les enseignants doivent avoir une forma0on professionnelle dans les langues spécialisées et dans la concep0on des programmes d’ESP Summary: This research study inves0gates the foreign language learning (FLL) phenomena peculiar to English teaching by analysing learners’ needs to design English for specific purposes (ESP) syllabi and course-books. Such inves0ga0on took place at SONATRACH (camp 6) and the Graduate School of Economy (GSE). The methodology adopted a mixed-method design to gather qualita0ve and quan0ta0ve data. The study makes use of aspects of inves0ga0on; an interview administrated to ESP teachers and a ques0onnaire for BE and EOP learners supported by class observa0on, and a comparison to iden0fy the resemblance and differen0a0on in teaching English exis0ng in the Graduate School of Economics of Oran and the EOP Training Courses at SONATRACH. The research results elucidated the major role of overbearing needs analysis plus an elaborated strategy for the way learning ac0vi0es/tasks would be systema0cally selected and sequenced. Sta0s0cal analysis evidenced that skills improvement should be classified by priority according to the type and the main goals of the learners by using appropriate teaching methodology and instruc0onal materials in accordance with content specifica0on based on the learners’ requirement, profile and level. Further, Teachers need to have professional training in specialized language and in designing ESP syllabuses.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Faculté des Langues Étrangère, Université d'Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed https://ds.univ-oran2.dz:8443/jspui/handle/123456789/1847 2024-04-14T12:41:58Z 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z

Titre: Traduction et Langues Auteur(s): Faculté des Langues Étrangère, Université d'Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Résumé: The Journal of Traduction et Langues TRANSLANG Journal is a double-blind peer-reviewed, biannual, free-of-charge, and open-access journal edited by the University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed. The published works in the journal were more directed to German with a clear orientation towards translation. From 2010 onwards, TRANSLANG became multidisciplinary, and more languages are present: English, Arabic, French, Spanish, Russian, and the work between translation and languages is balanced. In 2020, TRANSLANG is indexed, and its staff is characterized by the international dimension which gives the journal more credibility. In 2022, TRANSLANG is updated and specialized in translation studies, as part of the High-Quality Research (HQR) framework. The themes addressed today are particularly related to the reflection on translation as a process, especially the translation of specialized texts (technical, literary, artistic), on the interpreting process (simultaneous, consecutive, community), on the cognitive aspects of translation, history of translation, didactics and pedagogy, translatology, terminology, etc. The journal publishes original research articles and survey articles, it aims at promoting international scholarly exchanges among researchers, academics, and practitioners to foster intercultural communication by providing insights into local and global languages and cultures. The journal is published twice a year starting from 2010, The first was edited in 2002 one issue a year by University of Oran. The journal accepts original papers, reports, and reviews in English, French, German, and Spanish. The quality of the manuscripts is not the only criterion for acceptance; the criterion of novelty/originality is also necessary for publication. TRANSLANG favors various methodologies, argumentative, empirical, scientometric, etc. TRANSLANG aims to offer visibility to researchers in Translation and Language Studies from the Maghreb, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the West. The journal is published in both print and online versions; the online version is free access and downloadable. PUBLICATION CHARGES: Free Article Processing Charges (APCs): No Submission Charges: No

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